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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Thalamic changes in temporal lobe epilepsy with and without hippocampal sclerosis: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

Chi Heon Kim¹, Bang-Bon Koo, Chun Kee Chung

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.

Epilepsy Research

|March 24, 2010

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Temporal lobe epilepsy alters thalamic diffusion. Hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE+HS) further increases ipsilateral thalamic diffusion compared to temporal lobe epilepsy without hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS).

Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Epileptology
Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Background:

The seizure network may differ in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) versus TLE without HS.
Chronic seizures can alter diffusion properties within the seizure network.
The thalamus, connected to the medial temporal lobe, plays a role in seizure modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate differences in thalamic diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics between TLE with HS (TLE+HS) and TLE without HS (TLE-HS).

Main Methods:

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed on 9 TLE+HS patients, 9 TLE-HS patients, and 16 healthy controls.
Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated in the bilateral thalami.
Hippocampal sclerosis was pathologically confirmed in the TLE+HS group.

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Main Results:

Both TLE groups showed increased bilateral thalamic mean diffusivity (MD) compared to controls.
Fractional anisotropy (FA) did not differ between TLE groups and controls.
The MD in the thalamus ipsilateral to the seizure focus was significantly higher in the TLE+HS group than in the TLE-HS group.

Conclusions:

Diffusion properties of the bilateral thalami are altered in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
The presence of hippocampal sclerosis exacerbates ipsilateral thalamic diffusion changes in TLE.