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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview

Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for electronic transitions. As a result...
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy At Ultra-low Temperatures
08:53

Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy At Ultra-low Temperatures

Published on: October 9, 2012

Continuous-readout extreme-ultraviolet airglow spectrometer.

S Bowyer, R Kimble, F Paresce

    Applied Optics
    |March 24, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new satellite spectrometer measures extreme-ultraviolet airglow with unprecedented sensitivity. This advanced instrument utilizes a novel design for wider spectral coverage and improved data acquisition in atmospheric research.

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    Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

    Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy At Ultra-low Temperatures
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    Published on: October 9, 2012

    Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic
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    Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic

    Published on: August 25, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Space physics
    • Atmospheric science
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) airglow emissions provide crucial data on Earth's upper atmosphere.
    • Previous instruments had limitations in spectral range and sensitivity, hindering comprehensive analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel satellite-borne extreme-ultraviolet airglow spectrometer.
    • To enhance sensitivity and spectral coverage for improved atmospheric studies.

    Main Methods:

    • The spectrometer employs a near-normal incidence Rowland circle design.
    • It features a holographically ruled concave grating and a microchannel plate detector with a resistive anode.
    • A continuous readout capability allows for ground-commandable selection of a 650-A spectral subset.

    Main Results:

    • The instrument covers the 275-1420-angstrom range with 8-angstrom resolution.
    • Simultaneous wide spectral coverage offers an 80-fold increase in sensitivity compared to fixed exit slit designs.
    • The detector enables flexible, real-time data acquisition.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed spectrometer represents a significant advancement in EUV airglow measurement technology.
    • Its enhanced sensitivity and flexible readout capabilities will enable more detailed investigations of the upper atmosphere.