Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing nebulizer...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview01:27

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze elements by measuring electromagnetic radiation (EMR) absorbed by atoms, which causes them to transition to a higher-energy orbit. The most crucial step in AAS is atomization, where the analyte is converted into gas-phase atoms, typically through a flame or furnace. Some of these atoms become thermally excited in the flame, while most remain in the ground state.
When irradiated by EMR of a particular wavelength, these...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The cAMP-binding ectoprotein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is membrane-anchored by glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol.

The Journal of biological chemistry·1992
Same author

Conformation/activity studies of rationally designed potent anti-adhesive RGD peptides.

European journal of biochemistry·1992
Same author

Pituitary factors in blood plasma are necessary for smooth muscle cell proliferation in response to injury in vivo.

Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis : a journal of vascular biology·1992
Same author

[Avoidable perinatal mortality. Attempted evaluation and significance].

Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983)·1992
Same author

[Response to intermittent photic stimulation in patients with suspected dementia in comparison with healthy aging].

Der Nervenarzt·1992
Same author

[Laser in surgery of vascular anastomoses].

Handchirurgie, Mikrochirurgie, plastische Chirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Handchirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Mikrochirurgie der Peripheren Nerven und Gefasse : Organ der V...·1992
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

An Introduction to Processing, Fitting, and Interpreting Transient Absorption Data
08:12

An Introduction to Processing, Fitting, and Interpreting Transient Absorption Data

Published on: February 16, 2024

Quantitative ATR spectroscopy: some basic considerations.

G Müller, K Abraham, M Schaldach

    Applied Optics
    |March 24, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy was comprehensively treated using Fresnel equations. This study redefines effective thickness and demonstrates a matrix effect, enabling accurate glucose concentration determination.

    More Related Videos

    A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks
    10:13

    A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks

    Published on: April 28, 2023

    Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared
    07:38

    Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared

    Published on: January 10, 2025

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

    An Introduction to Processing, Fitting, and Interpreting Transient Absorption Data
    08:12

    An Introduction to Processing, Fitting, and Interpreting Transient Absorption Data

    Published on: February 16, 2024

    A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks
    10:13

    A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks

    Published on: April 28, 2023

    Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared
    07:38

    Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared

    Published on: January 10, 2025

    Area of Science:

    • Spectroscopy
    • Physical Chemistry
    • Optics

    Background:

    • Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy is a powerful surface-sensitive technique.
    • Understanding the theoretical underpinnings, including the Lorentz-Lorenz law and Fresnel equations, is crucial for accurate spectral interpretation.
    • Deviations in effective thickness between lossy and lossless conditions require careful consideration.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive theoretical treatment of ATR spectra.
    • To redefine the equation for effective thickness, highlighting differences between lossy and lossless scenarios.
    • To demonstrate and experimentally validate a matrix effect influencing ATR spectra and to determine solute concentration.

    Main Methods:

    • Application of the Lorentz-Lorenz law and Fresnel equations for ATR spectral analysis.
    • Theoretical and experimental investigation of the matrix effect related to the real part of the refractive index.
    • ATR spectroscopy measurements near the critical angle for quantitative analysis.

    Main Results:

    • A redefined equation for effective thickness is presented, differentiating between lossy and lossless media.
    • A matrix effect, influenced by the refractive index, is theoretically and experimentally confirmed.
    • Accurate determination of glucose concentration in a non-absorbing sample was achieved using ATR spectroscopy.

    Conclusions:

    • The theoretical framework for ATR spectroscopy is advanced, particularly concerning effective thickness and matrix effects.
    • ATR spectroscopy, when applied near the critical angle, offers a reliable method for quantitative analysis of non-absorbing solutes.
    • This work enhances the understanding and application of ATR spectroscopy in various scientific disciplines.