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Related Concept Videos

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry01:21

Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry

The molecular ion peak of a molecule in the mass spectrum provides vital information for molecular identification. However, conventional electron impact ionization can lead to the rapid dissociation of some molecular ions before they reach the detector. A milder ionization method is required to increase the lifetime of such ionized analyte molecules. Chemical ionization (CI) is a gas-phase protonation reaction useful for mass-analyzing analyte molecules that are easily protonated to yield the...
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:

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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
06:21

Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 12, 2013

Desorption electrospray ionization and other ambient ionization methods: current progress and preview.

Demian R Ifa1, Chunping Wu, Zheng Ouyang

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.

The Analyst
|March 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ambient ionization mass spectrometry enables rapid chemical analysis of untreated samples. Techniques like desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) are reviewed, focusing on chemical processes for optimized analysis and molecular imaging.

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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Published on: July 12, 2013

Sample Preparation for Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
05:47

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Analysis of Volatile and Oxidation Sensitive Compounds Using a Cold Inlet System and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry
05:48

Analysis of Volatile and Oxidation Sensitive Compounds Using a Cold Inlet System and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry

Published on: September 5, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Ambient ionization techniques have revolutionized mass spectrometry by enabling rapid chemical analysis of untreated samples.
  • Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is a prominent ambient ionization method that utilizes solvent droplets for analyte extraction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and other ambient ionization mass spectrometry methods.
  • To focus on the chemical processes underlying ambient ionization techniques.
  • To explore the optimization of chemical analysis and molecular imaging through manipulation of these processes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and related ambient ionization techniques.
  • Analysis of solvent effects, geometry effects, and electrochemical processes.
  • Discussion of extensions to solution-phase analysis, stand-off detection, and therapeutic drug analysis.

Main Results:

  • Ambient ionization, particularly DESI, allows for rapid analysis of samples without extensive preparation.
  • Understanding and manipulating the chemical processes involved can optimize analytical performance.
  • The methodology has been extended for diverse applications, including molecular imaging and in-situ analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Ambient ionization mass spectrometry offers significant advantages for rapid chemical analysis.
  • Control over underlying chemical processes is key to maximizing the potential of these techniques.
  • The field continues to expand with applications in various domains, including medical diagnostics.