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[Capillaroscopy. Procedure and nomenclature].

O Sander¹, C Sunderkötter, I Kötter

¹Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Rheumatologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Deutschland. Sander@rheumanet.org

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Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nailfold capillaroscopy is crucial for diagnosing autoimmune connective tissue diseases like systemic sclerosis. Standardized definitions for capillaroscopy findings improve diagnostic accuracy and comparability in Germany.

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Area of Science:

Rheumatology
Vascular Biology
Medical Diagnostics

Background:

Capillaroscopy offers significant diagnostic and prognostic insights into autoimmune connective tissue diseases, especially systemic sclerosis (SSc).
A consensus was developed for standardized nomenclature, equipment, procedures, and interpretation of capillaroscopy results.
Standardization is essential for improving the quality and comparability of diagnostic interpretations.

Framework:

Recommended equipment includes binocular microscopes with specific magnifications (20-/50- and 160-/200-fold) and digital archiving.
Mandatory documentation of defined findings ensures consistency in data collection.
Specific pathological findings include caliber variations, ectasia, ramifications, elongation, torsion, sludge, hemorrhage, and edema.

Implementation:

The consensus provides clear definitions for interpreting capillaroscopy results.
Pathological significance is assigned to the simultaneous occurrence of multiple findings.
Isolated findings like bushy capillaries, thrombosis, giant capillaries, and avascular areas also indicate disease.

Implications:

Giant capillaries and avascular areas are highly specific indicators for systemic sclerosis (SSc).
Other identified findings are consistent with broader connective tissue diseases.
These standardized definitions enhance the quality and comparability of nailfold capillaroscopy assessments in Germany.