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Related Concept Videos

Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data01:25

Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data

Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One example of...
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Marcia's Theory of Identity Status01:26

Marcia's Theory of Identity Status

James Marcia's identity status model provides a framework for understanding how adolescents navigate identity formation through varying degrees of exploration and commitment. Marcia's model builds on Erik Erikson's theories of psychosocial development, focusing specifically on how adolescents reconcile individual aspirations with societal expectations. His model describes identity formation as a dynamic process where adolescents move between different states depending on their level of...
Social Identity01:29

Social Identity

Social identity constitutes a significant aspect of an individual’s self-concept, shaped by membership in various social groups, including gender, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and political affiliation. Individuals associate specific traits with particular social groups, leading to internalization of these traits. For example, musicians are often perceived as creative, while women are frequently associated with nurturing tendencies. Once individuals identify with a particular...
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity01:23

Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity

Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
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Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth. This guiding role...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Electroencephalographic, Heart Rate, and Galvanic Skin Response Assessment for an Advertising Perception Study: Application to Antismoking Public Service Announcements
06:39

Electroencephalographic, Heart Rate, and Galvanic Skin Response Assessment for an Advertising Perception Study: Application to Antismoking Public Service Announcements

Published on: August 28, 2017

A Q-methodological study of smoking identities.

Hannah Farrimond1, Helene Joffe, Paul Stenner

  • 1Department of Humanities and Social Science, Egenis, University of Exeter, Byrne House, Exeter, Devon EX44PJ, UK. H.R.Farrimond@exeter.ac.uk

Psychology & Health
|March 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Adult smokers hold diverse social identities, including

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Limited research exists on adult smokers' social identities, unlike adolescent smoking.
  • Understanding these identities is crucial for effective public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and describe shared 'smoking identities' among British adult smokers.
  • To explore how these identities relate to self-perception and values.

Main Methods:

  • Q-methodology was employed with 64 British smokers from varied socio-economic backgrounds.
  • Participants sorted 70 statements about smoking and smokers to reveal underlying viewpoints.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct 'smoking identity' positions were identified: 'addicted', 'in control', 'no big deal', and 'proud' smokers.

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Isolation of Mouse Respiratory Epithelial Cells and Exposure to Experimental Cigarette Smoke at Air Liquid Interface
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Electroencephalographic, Heart Rate, and Galvanic Skin Response Assessment for an Advertising Perception Study: Application to Antismoking Public Service Announcements
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Impact Assessment of Repeated Exposure of Organotypic 3D Bronchial and Nasal Tissue Culture Models to Whole Cigarette Smoke
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  • These identities varied in their association with a biomedical model and the centrality of smoking to self-identity.

    • Conclusions:

    • Recognizing diverse 'smoking identities' can inform targeted health promotion strategies.
    • Tailoring interventions to specific identity positions may improve smoking cessation outcomes.