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Related Experiment Videos

Seven days of bed rest decrease insulin action on glucose uptake in leg and whole body.

K J Mikines1, E A Richter, F Dela

  • 1Department of Medical Physiology B, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Short-term bed rest impairs glucose tolerance in humans by reducing insulin action, particularly in inactive leg muscles. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of this metabolic decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolism
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Impaired glucose tolerance is a known consequence of reduced physical activity.
  • Understanding the precise mechanisms behind this metabolic dysfunction is crucial for developing countermeasures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of short-term bed rest on insulin action in normal humans.
  • To determine whether decreased insulin sensitivity affects whole-body glucose uptake or specifically targets inactive muscle tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the sequential euglycemic clamp technique combined with femoral arterial and venous catheterization to measure glucose uptake.
  • Quantified whole body glucose uptake rate (WBGUR) and leg glucose uptake rate (LGUR) at varying insulin concentrations.
  • Assessed metabolic substrate utilization (lactate release, glucose oxidation, glycogen storage) in the leg via indirect calorimetry before and after 7 days of bed rest.

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Main Results:

  • Seven days of bed rest significantly reduced whole-body glucose uptake at a moderate insulin concentration (37 microU/ml).
  • Leg glucose uptake was markedly depressed by bed rest across lower insulin concentrations, indicating impaired insulin sensitivity in inactive muscle.
  • Bed rest also reduced lactate release, glucose oxidation, and glycogen storage in the leg muscles.

Conclusions:

  • Short-term bed rest diminishes insulin action on whole-body glucose metabolism.
  • The primary mechanism driving this impairment is a significant decrease in insulin sensitivity within inactive skeletal muscle.
  • These findings highlight the critical role of physical activity in maintaining metabolic health and insulin sensitivity.