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Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.The genetics of speciation involves the different traits or isolating mechanisms preventing gene exchange, leading to reproductive isolation. Reproductive isolation can be due to reproductive barriers that have effects either before or after the formation of a zygote. Pre-zygotic mechanisms prevent fertilization from occurring, and post-zygotic mechanisms...
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

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The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.The collection of fossils within sedimentary rocks give a record of common ancestry and often depicts the history of evolution.
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).Mechanisms of Genetic VariationThe original sources of genetic variation are mutations,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

Testing evolutionary hypotheses for phenotypic divergence using landscape genetics.

W Chris Funk1, Melanie A Murphy

  • 1Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 1878 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA. Chris.Funk@colostate.edu

Molecular Ecology
|March 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Phenotypic variation in poison frogs is driven by divergent selection, not geographic isolation. Landscape genetics reveals that differing selective pressures cause distinct color patterns and reproductive isolation in Dendrobates pumilio populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Phenotypic variation among populations is a core concept in evolutionary biology.
  • Factors like geographic isolation, genetic drift, selection, and plasticity contribute to phenotypic divergence.
  • Understanding the relative importance of these factors remains a significant challenge.

Discussion:

  • This study investigates the causes of striking color pattern divergence in the strawberry poison frog (Dendrobates pumilio).
  • It utilizes landscape genetics to test hypotheses for phenotypic divergence.
  • The research differentiates between isolation-by-distance, landscape resistance, and divergent selection.

Key Insights:

  • Landscape genetic analyses rejected isolation-by-distance and landscape resistance as causes of color pattern divergence.
  • The study supports divergent selection as the primary driver of color pattern differences.
  • Divergent selection is shown to promote reproductive isolation among populations with distinct color morphs.

Outlook:

  • This research exemplifies the application of landscape genetics in evolutionary studies.
  • It highlights the role of divergent selection in generating reproductive isolation and potentially speciation.
  • The findings underscore the utility of landscape genetics beyond conservation and ecology.