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Anticancer Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation by the MTT Assay

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Published on: November 10, 2013

Cytotoxicity of titanium and titanium alloying elements.

Y Li¹, C Wong, J Xiong

¹Institute for Technology Research and Innovation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia. yuncang.li@deakin.edu.au

Journal of Dental Research

|March 25, 2010

Summary

Certain titanium alloys containing molybdenum, niobium, and silicon exhibit cytotoxicity. This study found that metal powders of titanium, niobium, molybdenum, and silicon are cytotoxic, impacting biomedical applications.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Materials Science
Toxicology

Background:

Titanium and its alloys are widely considered biocompatible for biomedical uses.
New titanium alloys containing molybdenum, niobium, and silicon produced via powder metallurgy may exhibit cytotoxicity.
The hypothesis is that ion release from these metals causes cytotoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the cytotoxicity of titanium and its alloying elements (molybdenum, niobium, silicon) in powder and bulk forms.
To determine safe ion concentration thresholds for these metals.
To investigate the potential risks associated with powder metallurgy titanium alloys in biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

Cytotoxicity testing of titanium and alloying element powders and bulk forms.
Utilized osteoblast-like SaOS(2) cells for in vitro assessment.
Quantified ion concentrations to establish safe limits.

Main Results:

Titanium, niobium, molybdenum, and silicon powders demonstrated cytotoxicity.
Bulk silicon and molybdenum also exhibited cytotoxic effects.
Established safe ion concentrations: molybdenum (8.5 μg/L), titanium (15.5 μg/L), niobium (172.0 μg/L), and silicon (37,000.0 μg/L).

Conclusions:

The cytotoxicity of certain titanium alloys is linked to ion release from constituent metals like molybdenum, niobium, and silicon.
Powder metallurgy processing can influence the cytotoxic potential of titanium alloys.
Understanding ion release and establishing safe concentration limits are crucial for developing biocompatible titanium alloys.