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Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
03:57

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours

Published on: December 15, 2008

[Chemotherapy].

Masafumi Ikeda1, Kohei Nakachi, Shuichi Mitsunaga

  • 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|March 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Sorafenib significantly improves survival outcomes for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Ongoing research explores new therapies and clarifies the role of intra-arterial chemotherapy.

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Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
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Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
03:57

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours

Published on: December 15, 2008

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
04:48

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Hepatocellular Carcinoma Research
  • Oncology Therapeutics

Background:

  • Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment has evolved with targeted therapies.
  • Sorafenib is a recognized standard treatment, improving survival in HCC.
  • Intra-arterial chemotherapy is used in Japan but lacks robust survival data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy of sorafenib in advanced HCC.
  • To discuss the current landscape and future directions in HCC treatment.
  • To highlight the need for evidence-based evaluation of intra-arterial chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pivotal randomized controlled trials for sorafenib in HCC.
  • Analysis of ongoing trials for adjuvant therapies and new agents.
  • Discussion of existing practices and evidence for intra-arterial chemotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Sorafenib demonstrated significant improvements in disease control, progression-free survival, and overall survival compared to placebo.
  • Intra-arterial chemotherapy shows high response rates but lacks proven survival benefit in randomized studies.
  • New targeted agents and combination therapies are under development.

Conclusions:

  • Sorafenib is a cornerstone treatment for advanced HCC.
  • Further research is needed to establish the survival benefit and optimal use of intra-arterial chemotherapy.
  • The treatment landscape for advanced HCC is rapidly advancing with novel therapeutic strategies.