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Related Concept Videos

Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium01:11

Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium

Heat and temperature are essential concepts for everyone every day. The study of heat and temperature is part of an area of physics known as thermodynamics. It is not always easy to distinguish heat and temperature.
The concept of temperature has evolved from the common concepts of hot and cold. The scientific definition of temperature explains more than just our sense of hot and cold. Temperature is operationally defined as the quantity measured with a thermometer. Furthermore, temperature is...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Joule-Thomson Effect01:21

Joule-Thomson Effect

The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
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Electromagnetic Waves in Matter01:30

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Furthermore, the...

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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
08:44

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Published on: October 24, 2018

Temperature-independent thin-film optical waveguide.

S L Chen, J T Boyd

    Applied Optics
    |March 25, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers introduce temperature-independent effective refractive index in optical waveguides. Corning 7059 glass waveguides on SiO(2)-Si substrates demonstrate this, with thin films showing minimal temperature variation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Materials Science
    • Waveguide Optics

    Background:

    • Optical waveguides are crucial for integrated photonic circuits.
    • Temperature fluctuations can alter waveguide performance by changing the effective refractive index.
    • Maintaining stable optical properties is essential for reliable device operation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and demonstrate the concept of temperature-independent effective refractive index in optical waveguides.
    • To identify specific waveguide materials and structures that exhibit this property.
    • To experimentally validate the predicted temperature independence.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical modeling of effective refractive index dependence on temperature for thin-film waveguides.
    • Fabrication of Corning 7059 glass thin-film waveguides on SiO(2)-Si substrates.
    • Experimental measurement of effective refractive index as a function of temperature for different waveguide thicknesses.

    Main Results:

    • A Corning 7059 glass waveguide on a SiO(2)-Si substrate with a thickness of 0.37 microm is predicted to have a temperature-independent effective refractive index.
    • Experimental measurements confirmed a significantly smaller variation in effective refractive index with temperature for a 0.35-microm thick waveguide compared to a 0.98-microm thick waveguide.
    • The results support the feasibility of achieving temperature-independent optical waveguide modes.

    Conclusions:

    • The concept of temperature-independent effective refractive index is achievable in optical waveguides.
    • Thin-film waveguides made of Corning 7059 glass on SiO(2)-Si substrates offer a promising solution for temperature-stable photonic devices.
    • Precise control over waveguide thickness is key to realizing temperature-independent optical properties.