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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Subsurface Defect Localization by Structured Heating Using Laser Projected Photothermal Thermography
11:34

Subsurface Defect Localization by Structured Heating Using Laser Projected Photothermal Thermography

Published on: May 15, 2017

Infrared laser photography with silver-halide emulsion.

D Naor, A Flusberg, I Itzkan

    Applied Optics
    |March 25, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Infrared sensitization enhances photographic emulsions for visualizing infrared laser beams by utilizing heat generated from the IR beam. This method offers high sensitivity and resolution for IR beam imaging.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Infrared sensitization is crucial for visualizing infrared (IR) laser beams using photographic emulsions.
    • Understanding the underlying mechanism of this sensitization is essential for optimizing the technique.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate that IR sensitization of photographic emulsions is caused by heating from the IR beam.
    • To investigate the factors influencing this sensitization process.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a pulsed carbon dioxide (CO2) laser (10.6-microm) for infrared pre-exposure.
    • Examined the impact of visible background density, IR fluence, visible wavelength, and time delay on sensitization.
    • Assessed spatial frequency response for resolution analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated IR sensitization is a thermal effect caused by the IR beam.
    • Achieved high sensitivity with IR fluences as low as 10 mJ/cm(2).
    • Observed a dynamic range exceeding 100 and resolution better than 50 lines/mm.

    Conclusions:

    • Infrared sensitization of photographic emulsions is a heat-driven phenomenon.
    • The technique is effective for visualizing IR laser beams with high sensitivity and resolution.
    • Further improvements to the technique are possible.