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Hippocampal removal affects visual but not auditory naming.

Marla J Hamberger1, William T Seidel, Guy M McKhann

  • 1The Neurological Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA. mh61@columbia.edu

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Left anteromedial temporal lobe resection (AMTLR) risks verbal memory and visual naming, but not auditory naming. This suggests auditory naming may be a safer alternative for patients with left medial temporal lobe epilepsy undergoing AMTLR.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Epilepsy Surgery
  • Cognitive Function

Background:

  • Dominant, left anteromedial temporal lobe resection (AMTLR) for epilepsy can impair verbal episodic memory and visual object naming.
  • Traditional views link verbal memory decline to hippocampal removal and naming decline to lateral temporal resection.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a link between visual naming and hippocampal integrity, prompting investigation into alternative naming assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of left AMTLR on auditory naming compared to visual naming and verbal memory.
  • To test the hypothesis that the hippocampus is not involved in auditory naming, thus predicting no decline in auditory naming post-left AMTLR.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study involving 25 patients with left medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and 20 with right MTLE.
  • Auditory naming, visual naming, and verbal memory were assessed before and one year after AMTLR.

Main Results:

  • Patients undergoing left AMTLR showed declines in visual naming and verbal memory.
  • No significant decline in auditory naming was observed in patients after left AMTLR.
  • Patients undergoing right AMTLR did not exhibit any decline in the tested cognitive functions.

Conclusions:

  • Left AMTLR poses a higher risk to visual naming than auditory naming in patients with left MTLE.
  • Auditory naming may be preserved following left AMTLR, offering a potential alternative assessment in epilepsy surgery patients.