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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

Acute interstitial nephritis.

Manuel Praga1, Ester González

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. mpragat@senefro.org

Kidney International
|March 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), often drug-induced, is a common cause of acute kidney injury. Early steroid treatment improves kidney function recovery and reduces chronic impairment risk.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a significant cause of acute kidney injury, identified in 15-27% of renal biopsies.
  • Drug-induced AIN is the most prevalent form, frequently linked to antimicrobials and NSAIDs.
  • Pathogenesis involves immunologic reactions, with cell-mediated immunity playing a key role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment of acute interstitial nephritis.
  • To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in managing AIN.
  • To emphasize the role of corticosteroids in improving renal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on acute interstitial nephritis.
  • Analysis of pathogenic mechanisms and clinical manifestations.
  • Evaluation of treatment strategies, including drug withdrawal and corticosteroid therapy.

Main Results:

  • Drug-induced AIN is the most common cause, often presenting with subtle symptoms.
  • Interstitial infiltrates can rapidly progress to fibrosis.
  • Early steroid administration (within 7 days) significantly improves renal function recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt identification and removal of offending agents are crucial for AIN management.
  • Early corticosteroid therapy is associated with better renal recovery and reduced risk of chronic kidney disease.
  • Delayed steroid treatment may offer limited benefit once fibrosis has occurred.