Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development

Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...

Relationship Formation

Relationship Formation

What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...

Conduct Disorder

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...

Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity

Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity

Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth. This guiding role...

Friendships and Close Friendships

Friendships and Close Friendships

Friendship formation is a dynamic process shaped by psychological, cultural, and social factors. Friendships play a crucial role in emotional well-being, social development, and personal identity from childhood to adulthood.Childhood and Early FriendshipsFriendships in childhood often arise due to shared environments, such as school or neighborhood interactions. At this stage, proximity and common interests serve as the primary basis for connection. As children grow, their friendships evolve...

Impact of Social Context on Individuals

Impact of Social Context on Individuals

Social psychology examines how the real or imagined presence of others influences individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. A key concept in this field is the role of social context in shaping behavior. The same individual may act differently depending on the social setting, due to the varying expectations and norms associated with each environment. This context-dependent behavior illustrates the influence of social roles, which prescribe appropriate conduct in specific situations.Social...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Children's mental health and mother-child elaborative reminiscing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from Estonian and German middle-class families.

Developmental psychology·2025

Same author

How congruent are parent reports on 3-4-year-old children's language skills with other sources of data?

Frontiers in psychology·2023

Same author

Longitudinal links between maternal directives, children's engagement in family conversations, and child linguistic skills.

Frontiers in psychology·2023

Same author

Making sense of the pandemic: Parent-child conversations in two cultural contexts.

PloS one·2023

Same author

Schoolchildren's autobiographical memory: COMT gene Val<sup>158</sup>Met polymorphism effects on emotional content and quality of first memories.

Cognitive processing·2021

Same author

Child temperament predicts maternal socialization values.

The British journal of developmental psychology·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Examining Gesture Production in the Presence of Communication Challenges

Examining Gesture Production in the Presence of Communication Challenges

Published on: January 26, 2024

Cultural, contextual, and gender differences in peer talk: a comparative study.

Tiia Tulviste¹, Luule Mizera, Boel De Geer

¹University of Tartu, Institute of Psychology & Centre of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Tartu, Estonia. tiia.tulviste@ut.ee

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology

|March 27, 2010

Summary

Cultural and contextual factors significantly impact children's peer talk more than gender. Differences in directive speech varied across Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish preschoolers, with minimal gender-specific speech patterns observed.

More Related Videos

Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats

Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats

Published on: February 23, 2015

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Published on: September 19, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Examining Gesture Production in the Presence of Communication Challenges

Examining Gesture Production in the Presence of Communication Challenges

Published on: January 26, 2024

Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats

Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats

Published on: February 23, 2015

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Published on: September 19, 2019

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Cross-Cultural Psychology
Sociolinguistics

Background:

Understanding children's peer interaction is crucial for social development.
Research on gender differences in communication often overlooks cultural and contextual influences.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate cultural, contextual, and gender variations in preschool children's peer talk.
To analyze directive speech patterns in same-sex dyads across different European cultures.

Main Methods:

Videotaping of 110 preschool children (Estonian, Finnish, Swedish) in same-sex dyads.
Observation during unstructured (free play) and structured play settings.
Analysis of talkativeness and regulatory speech, focusing on directives and imperatives.

Main Results:

Minimal gender differences were found; only Swedish boys used more imperatives than girls during free play.
Significant cultural differences emerged: Estonian children were most directive, Swedish children least directive.
Contextual differences were noted, with variations in speech patterns between structured and unstructured play.

Conclusions:

Cultural and contextual factors exert a strong influence on children's peer talk.
Observed gender differences in peer talk are likely moderated by cultural and situational contexts.
Future research should consider the interplay of culture, context, and gender in child communication.