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Related Concept Videos

First Impression01:09

First Impression

First impressions play a crucial role in social perception, shaping how individuals assess others in professional, academic, and interpersonal contexts. Psychological research highlights the significance of cognitive biases, such as the primacy and recency effects, which influence how people interpret and recall information.The Primacy Effect and Cognitive AnchoringThe primacy effect describes the tendency for initial information to impact judgment disproportionately. When individuals encounter...
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Related Experiment Video

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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

Do strong value-based attitudes influence estimations of future events?

Niklas Juth1, Niels Lynöe

  • 1Stockholm Centre for Healthcare Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of Medical Ethics
|March 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Physicians strongly against physician-assisted suicide (PAS) may project their personal beliefs onto patient trust estimations. This suggests strong values can bias perceptions of empirical outcomes in controversial medical debates.

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Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Social Psychology
  • Healthcare Policy

Background:

  • Physician-assisted suicide (PAS) is a contentious issue with significant ethical and societal implications.
  • Understanding physicians' perspectives is crucial for informed policy-making and patient care.
  • Physicians' personal values may influence their professional judgments and estimations of societal impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if strong personal values affect physicians' predictions regarding future events.
  • To examine the relationship between physicians' attitudes toward PAS and their estimations of patient trust.

Main Methods:

  • An empirical study involving physicians in Sweden.
  • Survey assessing physicians' reasons for their stance on PAS (pro, doubtful, contra).
  • Questions on estimated impact of legalizing PAS on patient trust and physicians' own healthcare trust.

Main Results:

  • Physicians against PAS did not differentiate between their own views and their predictions of patient trust.
  • In contrast, physicians who were pro or doubtful about PAS showed a clearer distinction.
  • This suggests a potential bias in estimation among those with strong opposition.

Conclusions:

  • Strongly held negative values regarding controversial medical procedures may bias the interpretation of empirical data.
  • Physicians' personal beliefs might influence their capacity to objectively estimate societal consequences.
  • The hypothesis that strong opposition correlates with biased estimation warrants further investigation.