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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Chemical Isolation, Quantification, and Separation of Skin Lipids from Reptiles
07:55

Chemical Isolation, Quantification, and Separation of Skin Lipids from Reptiles

Published on: February 7, 2019

A southern tyrant reptile.

Roger B J Benson1, Paul M Barrett, Tom H Rich

  • 1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK. rbb27@cam.ac.uk

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fossil evidence from Australia reveals that tyrannosauroids, the ancestors of Tyrannosaurids, were globally distributed much earlier than previously thought. This finding challenges the notion that these apex predators were confined to the northern hemisphere during the Early Cretaceous period.

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Area of Science:

  • Paleontology
  • Vertebrate Paleontology
  • Mesozoic Ecosystems

Background:

  • Tyrannosaurids were apex predators in the Late Cretaceous, dominating Laurasia.
  • The early evolution and distribution of tyrannosauroids are poorly understood, with fossils primarily found in the Northern Hemisphere.
  • The 100-million-year lineage preceding Tyrannosaurids remains largely undocumented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the early distribution and evolution of tyrannosauroids.
  • To determine if tyrannosauroids were restricted to Laurasia during the Early Cretaceous.
  • To understand the origins of the Tyrannosaurid body plan.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a fossilized pubis bone from the Early Cretaceous of Victoria, Australia.
  • Morphological comparison of the Australian fossil with known tyrannosauroid and tyrannosaurid specimens.
  • Paleobiogeographical assessment based on fossil evidence.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of an Australian tyrannosauroid specimen from the late Early Cretaceous.
  • The specimen exhibits advanced tyrannosauroid morphology despite its small size.
  • This finding indicates that tyrannosauroids were not exclusive to Laurasia.

Conclusions:

  • Early Cretaceous tyrannosauroids, characterized by short arms and robust skulls, likely had a global distribution.
  • A cosmopolitan grade of small tyrannosauroids with a tyrannosaurid-like body plan existed before the rise of giant Tyrannosaurids.
  • This Australian fossil provides crucial evidence for the early paleobiogeography of these successful predators.