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Racial and ethnic differences in breastfeeding initiation and duration, by state - National Immunization Survey,

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |March 27, 2010
    PubMed

    Insights

    Racial and ethnic disparities exist in breastfeeding rates across the United States. Most states are not meeting Healthy People 2010 targets for breastfeeding duration for any group.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Pediatrics
    • Maternal and Child Health

    Background:

    • The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months and continued breastfeeding for at least one year.
    • Healthy People 2010 established targets for breastfeeding initiation (75%), duration to 6 months (50%), and duration to 12 months (25%).
    • National data reveal significant racial and ethnic variations in breastfeeding practices within the United States.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess state-specific progress towards Healthy People 2010 breastfeeding objectives.
    • To examine breastfeeding initiation and duration disparities among different racial and ethnic groups.
    • To identify areas needing targeted interventions for improving breastfeeding rates.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of the 2004-2008 National Immunization Survey (NIS) data.
    • Inclusion of children born between 2003 and 2006.
    • Comparison of breastfeeding initiation and duration rates across racial/ethnic groups by state.

    Main Results:

    • Non-Hispanic black infants had lower breastfeeding initiation rates than non-Hispanic white infants in most states.
    • Hispanic infants showed varied prevalence; lower than non-Hispanic whites in western states and higher in eastern states.
    • The majority of states failed to meet Healthy People 2010 breastfeeding duration targets for all racial/ethnic groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant racial/ethnic disparities in breastfeeding initiation and duration persist nationally.
    • Current breastfeeding support strategies may be insufficient to meet national targets.
    • Comprehensive clinical and social support for breastfeeding, starting during pregnancy and continuing postpartum, is crucial.

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