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Tissue reaction to intraperitoneally implanted catheter materials.

E S Wilkins1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
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This study investigated novel intraperitoneal catheter designs to prevent tissue encapsulation and ensure continuous insulin delivery for implantable systems. Results suggest porous end plugs may allow vascularization, potentially improving long-term device function.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Medical Device Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Intraperitoneal (i.p.) catheter encapsulation by tissue hinders long-term function of implantable devices like the Programable Implantable Medication System (PIMS).
  • Tissue reaction at the catheter tip leads to complications, necessitating improved catheter designs for sustained insulin delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel i.p. catheter end plugs that prevent tissue encapsulation while maintaining insulin flow.
  • To evaluate the biocompatibility and tissue response to various materials for i.p. catheter applications.

Main Methods:

  • Two hypotheses were tested: (1) porous end plugs (100-300 microns) promote vascularized tissue ingrowth for insulin circulation, and (2) narrow pore diameter plugs (≤25 microns) inhibit tissue ingrowth but permit insulin flow.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Biological responses to polyurethane, polyether-urethane, alumina-coated Teflon, pyrolytic carbon, polyethylenes, hydroxyapatite, bioglass, and expanded Teflon were assessed.
  • Materials were fabricated into end plugs and implanted intraperitoneally in 12 dogs for 12 weeks.

    • Main Results:

    • Varying degrees of tissue encapsulation and vascularization were observed around the catheter tips.
    • The study identified differences in tissue response based on material type and pore size.
    • Thin capsules with differing blood supply were noted surrounding the explanted catheter end plugs.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides insights into material selection and design strategies for i.p. catheters to mitigate tissue encapsulation.
    • Further research is needed to optimize end plug porosity and material composition for successful long-term i.p. insulin delivery systems.
    • Successful development of these catheters could significantly improve management of conditions requiring chronic i.p. insulin therapy.