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A functional study on gentamicin-related cochleotoxicity in its conventional dose in newborns

Carla Luiza Baggio1, Aron Ferreira da Silveira, Miguel Angelo Hyppolito

  • 1Departamento de Morfologia, UFSM, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
|March 27, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Gentamicin treatment in newborn guinea pigs did not affect outer hair cell function, as measured by otoacoustic emissions. This suggests potential safety for aminoglycoside antibiotics in neonatal intensive care units.

Area of Science:

  • Ototoxic effects of antibiotics
  • Pediatric audiology
  • Neonatal intensive care

Background:

  • Early identification of hearing impairment is crucial for language development.
  • Pediatric ototoxicity from aminoglycoside antibiotics is a significant concern.
  • Newborns in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) often receive aminoglycosides for severe infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the functional impact of cochlear external hair cells following aminoglycoside antibiotic treatment.
  • To assess the safety of common neonatal treatment regimens concerning hearing function.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study involving 26 albino guinea pigs.
  • Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were used to assess outer hair cell function.
  • DPOAEs were measured before and after gentamicin administration.

Main Results:

  • Outer hair cell function, assessed via DPOAEs, remained preserved in all tested animals.
  • No significant changes in external hair cell function were observed post-gentamicin treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Gentamicin, at doses of 4 mg/Kg/day and 2.5 mg/Kg/day every 12 hours for 10 and 14 days, did not alter outer hair cell function in albino guinea pigs.
  • These findings suggest a potential safety profile for gentamicin regarding cochlear function in neonatal settings.
Abstract

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