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Inferring ancient Agave cultivation practices from contemporary genetic patterns
Kathleen C Parker1, Dorset W Trapnell, J L Hamrick
1Department of Geography, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. kcparker@uga.edu
Molecular Ecology
|March 30, 2010
Summary
Ancient Agave parryi populations in Arizona reveal genetic evidence of past cultivation. Wild populations show higher genetic diversity than manipulated ones, suggesting intentional agricultural practices.
Area of Science:
- Botany
- Genetics
- Archaeology
Background:
- Agave species have historical ethnobotanical significance in Mesoamerica and arid regions.
- Relict Agave parryi populations in Arizona may be remnants of ancient human manipulation.
- Understanding genetic variation helps distinguish cultivation from natural occurrence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine genetic variation in relict Agave parryi populations.
- To compare genetic diversity and structure between anthropogenic and wild populations.
- To assess the extent of past cultivation and identify source populations.
Main Methods:
- Allozyme analysis to assess genetic markers.
- Microsatellite analysis for high-resolution genetic profiling.
- Comparison of genetic variability metrics (heterozygosity, allelic richness) between population types.
Main Results:
- Wild Agave parryi populations exhibited greater genetic diversity than anthropogenic populations.
- Anthropogenic populations showed signs of cultivation, including fixed heterozygosity and reduced genetic diversity.
- Genetic patterns suggest complex origins for cultivated populations, possibly involving trade networks.
Conclusions:
- Agave parryi populations in Arizona show clear genetic signatures of past active cultivation.
- Genetic data indicate that ancient peoples sourced Agave parryi from diverse and distant wild populations.
- The findings shed light on the ethnobotanical history and agricultural practices of past cultures in the region.
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