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Related Concept Videos

Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...
Drug Discovery: Overview01:26

Drug Discovery: Overview

Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...

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High Content Screening in Neurodegenerative Diseases
13:32

High Content Screening in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: January 6, 2012

High content screening: seeing is believing.

Fabian Zanella1, James B Lorens, Wolfgang Link

  • 1Experimental Therapeutics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas, Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.

Trends in Biotechnology
|March 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary

High content screening (HCS) advances drug discovery by integrating high-throughput methods with cellular imaging for quantitative data. Challenges remain in using relevant cell systems and managing complex data.

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11:38

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)

Published on: May 10, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • High content screening (HCS) merges high-throughput screening efficiency with cellular imaging for quantitative biological data.
  • HCS is integral to modern drug discovery, including compound screening, structure-activity relationship studies, and ADME/toxicity profiling.
  • Recent applications of HCS include extensive use in stem cell biology research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state and applications of High Content Screening (HCS) in drug discovery and biological research.
  • To highlight the integration of HCS in various stages of the drug discovery pipeline.
  • To identify persistent challenges and future directions in HCS technology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes principles of high-throughput screening and advanced cellular imaging techniques.
  • Employs quantitative data acquisition from complex biological systems.
  • Integrates HCS into primary and post-primary screening, ADME/toxicity evaluation, and drug profiling.

Main Results:

  • HCS significantly enhances the efficiency and depth of data collection in biological research.
  • The technology supports comprehensive drug discovery processes, from initial screening to detailed profiling.
  • HCS has shown particular utility in interrogating stem cell biology.

Conclusions:

  • HCS is a powerful tool revolutionizing drug discovery and biological research.
  • Significant advancements have been made, but challenges persist in cell system relevance, reagent development, and data informatics.
  • Future efforts should focus on overcoming these challenges to further leverage HCS capabilities.