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Related Concept Videos

Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
Viruses of Archaea01:29

Viruses of Archaea

Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
Microbial Classification System01:24

Microbial Classification System

Classification is the process of organizing organisms into hierarchically inclusive groups based on their phenotypic similarities or evolutionary relationships. A species comprises one or more strains, and closely related species are grouped into genera. Genera are further classified into families, families into orders, orders into classes, and so forth, up to the domain level, which is the broadest taxonomic rank derived from a combination of phenotypic and genotypic data.The nomenclature of...
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation
12:22

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

Published on: April 2, 2012

Herpesvirus systematics.

Andrew J Davison1

  • 1MRC Virology Unit, Institute of Virology, University of Glasgow, Church Street, Glasgow G11 5JR, UK. a.davison@mrcvu.gla.ac.uk

Veterinary Microbiology
|March 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses updated herpesvirus classification, creating the order Herpesvirales. Future work will refine species definitions and leverage curated databases like RefSeq for accurate herpesvirus genomics.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • The classification of herpesviruses has undergone significant revisions.
  • Accurate genomic data is crucial for understanding viral evolution and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the recent taxonomic update of herpesviruses.
  • To discuss the challenges and future directions in herpesvirus genomics and data management.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the recent herpesvirus classification by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.
  • Evaluation of primary (e.g., GenBank) and secondary (e.g., RefSeq) sequence databases for herpesvirus genomic data.

Main Results:

  • The family Herpesviridae was elevated to the order Herpesvirales, encompassing 3 families, 3 subfamilies, 17 genera, and 90 species.
  • Primary databases face challenges with outdated annotations, while secondary databases like RefSeq offer improved, expert-curated genomic information.

Conclusions:

  • The new herpesvirus taxonomy provides a robust framework for classification.
  • Enhanced curation of genomic databases, particularly RefSeq, is essential for advancing herpesvirus research and understanding viral genomics.