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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

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Impaired olfactory function in mice with allergic rhinitis.

Shinya Ozaki1, Kazunori Toida, Motohiko Suzuki

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan. sozaki@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp

Auris, Nasus, Larynx
|March 30, 2010
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Summary

Allergic rhinitis impairs olfactory function in mice, causing inflammation and increased olfactory glands. This mouse model helps study smell dysfunction mechanisms in allergic rhinitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis is linked to olfactory dysfunction, but mechanisms are unclear.
  • Human olfactory mucosa studies face technical and ethical challenges.
  • An animal model is crucial for investigating allergic rhinitis-induced smell impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and utilize a mouse model of allergic rhinitis to study olfactory function.
  • To investigate histological changes in the olfactory mucosa of allergic rhinitis mice.

Main Methods:

  • Allergic rhinitis was induced in mice using ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge.
  • Olfactory function was assessed via odor detection tests and local field potential (LFP) recordings.
  • Olfactory mucosa was examined using light and electron microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Mice with allergic rhinitis exhibited impaired odor detection and LFP responses.
  • Histopathology revealed significant eosinophil, neutrophil, mast cell, and macrophage infiltration.
  • Increased olfactory gland number and size, suggesting elevated mucin, were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Mice with allergic rhinitis demonstrate impaired olfactory function and specific inflammatory changes in the olfactory mucosa.
  • Increased olfactory gland activity correlates with olfactory dysfunction in this model.
  • This mouse model offers a valuable system for analyzing the mechanisms of olfactory dysfunction in allergic rhinitis.