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Skeletal and body composition changes in hemiplegic patients
Olga Lazoura1, Paraskevi J Papadaki, Eleftheria Antoniadou
1Department of Radiology, National Rehabilitation Centre, Athens, Greece.
Summary
Stroke survivors with hemiplegia experience significant bone density loss and changes in body composition within the first year post-stroke. These changes increase their risk of fractures and impact rehabilitation.
Area of Science:
- Rehabilitation Medicine
- Bone Metabolism
- Body Composition Analysis
Background:
- Hemiplegic patients face risks of bone loss and altered body composition.
- These changes negatively impact rehabilitation outcomes and fracture risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) in hemiplegic stroke patients.
- Assess changes within the first 12 months post-stroke.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 58 hemiplegic patients (36 men, 22 women).
- Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for BMD, lean mass, and fat mass.
- Modified Ashworth Scale and functional ambulation category used for spasticity and mobility assessment.
Main Results:
- Both sexes showed decreased BMD in total body and paretic lower limb.
- Significant fat mass gain and lean mass loss observed.
- Changes were most pronounced between 3 and 6 months post-stroke, with variations between sexes.
Conclusions:
- Hemiplegia-induced disability alters muscle function, leading to skeletal and body composition changes.
- These alterations heighten the risk of fractures in stroke survivors.
- Targeted interventions may be necessary to mitigate these risks.
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