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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels

Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels

Published on: January 28, 2022

Understanding wiring and volume transmission.

Luigi F Agnati¹, Diego Guidolin, Michele Guescini

¹IRCCS San Camillo Venezia, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, Modena, Italy. luigiagnati@tin.it

Brain Research Reviews

|March 30, 2010

Summary

Central nervous system communication is refined beyond wiring transmission (WT) and volume transmission (VT). New structures like microvesicles and tunnelling nanotubes suggest updated models for brain signaling in health and disease.

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

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Published on: August 2, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cell Biology

Background:

The central nervous system (CNS) utilizes distinct intercellular communication modes: wiring transmission (WT) and volume transmission (VT).
WT involves direct cell-to-cell contact via axons, synapses, and gap junctions with well-defined boundaries.
VT occurs through extracellular fluid and cerebrospinal fluid, lacking defined physical boundaries.

Purpose of the Study:

To refine the existing classification of CNS intercellular communication.
To incorporate recent discoveries of specialized structures like microvesicles and tunnelling nanotubes.
To propose updated models for understanding brain signaling networks.

Main Methods:

Review and synthesis of existing literature on CNS intercellular communication.
Analysis of novel findings regarding microvesicles and tunnelling nanotubes.
Application of informatics concepts for network classification.

Main Results:

Identification of new sub-classes: 'tunnelling nanotube type of WT' and 'Roamer type of VT'.
Microvesicles act as carriers for proteins, mtDNA, and RNA in 'Roamer type of VT'.
Tunnelling nanotubes facilitate migration of molecules and organelles, including mitochondria.

Conclusions:

The original WT and VT classification requires refinement due to new discoveries.
Novel communication types, 'tunnelling nanotube WT' and 'Roamer VT', offer new perspectives on CNS signaling.
These updated models have potential implications for understanding brain function in health and disease.