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Related Concept Videos

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Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
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Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
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Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Microsatellite DNA Genotyping and Flow Cytometry Ploidy Analyses of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Hydatidiform Molar Tissues
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Microsatellite DNA Genotyping and Flow Cytometry Ploidy Analyses of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Hydatidiform Molar Tissues

Published on: October 20, 2019

Malignant phylloides tumor in pregnancy.

Kristen M Blaker1, Sunati Sahoo, Maria R Schweichler

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.

The American Surgeon
|March 31, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Malignant phylloides tumors are rare in pregnancy. This case details the first malignant phylloides tumor diagnosed in the first trimester, enabling breast-conserving surgery and a successful pregnancy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Malignant phylloides tumors (MPTs) are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast.
  • Pregnancy presents unique challenges for diagnosing and managing breast conditions, including rare malignancies.
  • Literature review revealed only six prior cases of phylloides tumors during pregnancy, none in the first trimester.

Observation:

  • A 27-year-old woman presented at 9 weeks gestation with a 24 mm right breast mass.
  • Core needle biopsy confirmed a malignant phylloides tumor.
  • The patient had a history of fibroadenoma excision from the same breast 7 years prior.

Findings:

  • The malignant phylloides tumor was surgically excised with clear margins.
  • Histopathology confirmed a 4-cm tumor with high mitotic activity.

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Published on: July 31, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Microsatellite DNA Genotyping and Flow Cytometry Ploidy Analyses of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Hydatidiform Molar Tissues
11:54

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Published on: October 20, 2019

Percutaneous Hepatic Perfusion (PHP) with Melphalan as a Treatment for Unresectable Metastases Confined to the Liver
09:02

Percutaneous Hepatic Perfusion (PHP) with Melphalan as a Treatment for Unresectable Metastases Confined to the Liver

Published on: July 31, 2016

  • The patient completed her pregnancy without complications.

    • Implications:

    • This is the first reported case of a malignant phylloides tumor diagnosed in the first trimester of pregnancy.
    • Early detection in pregnancy allows for smaller tumor sizes and potential for breast-conserving surgery.
    • Management of MPTs in pregnancy requires a multidisciplinary approach, balancing maternal and fetal well-being.