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[Bronchial asthma and kitchen salt].

T C Medici1, W Vetter

  • 1Departement für Innere Medizin der Universität Zürich.

Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
|April 6, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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High salt intake may worsen asthma symptoms and increase the need for inhaled steroids in individuals with asthma. Further research is needed to understand the role of sodium and chloride in this association.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Asthma prevalence and mortality show significant geographic variations, often correlating with Western lifestyles and technological advancement.
  • While air pollution is a suspected cause, high salt intake in industrialized nations is also linked to increased asthma rates.
  • Migration studies suggest westernization and urbanization, including dietary changes like increased salt consumption, play a role in asthma development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether increased salt intake exacerbates clinical and functional outcomes in asthmatic patients.
  • To determine whether sodium or chloride is the primary component of salt responsible for potential effects on asthma.

Main Methods:

  • A controlled crossover study involving 14 asthmatic participants.

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  • Interventions included salt loading (NaCl), salt restriction, and loading with sodium citrate.
  • Measurements assessed clinical symptoms and the need for inhaled steroid medication.

    • Main Results:

    • Statistical analysis indicated that increased salt intake was associated with a worsening of asthma symptoms (p = 0.06).
    • A significant increase in the use of inhaled steroids was observed with higher salt consumption (p ≤ 0.05).
    • The study provides preliminary evidence linking salt intake to adverse asthma outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary salt intake may negatively impact asthma control and necessitate increased medication.
    • Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the specific roles of sodium and chloride in asthma pathophysiology.
    • Findings suggest a potential dietary intervention target for asthma management.