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Single-Cell Characterization of Calcium Influx and HIV-1 Infection using a Multiparameter Optofluidic Platform
Published on: May 18, 2021
A decrease in the cellular phosphodiester to phosphomonoester lipid ratio is characteristic of HIV-1 infection
Tomasz Rozmyslowicz1, Krzysztof Wroblewski, Jaynathan Moodley
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. rozmyslo@mail.med.upenn.edu
Current HIV Research
|April 1, 2010
Summary
Diagnosing HIV-1 infection is challenging in tissues difficult to biopsy. Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance ((31)P-NMR) detects altered phospholipid ratios (PDE/PME) in HIV-1 infected cells, offering a new diagnostic approach.
Area of Science:
- Biophysics
- Cellular Biology
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Diagnosing Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is limited in tissues not easily biopsied, hindering infection control and understanding of HIV-induced pathology.
- Current diagnostic methods for HIV-1 often require invasive procedures or are limited in scope.
- Identifying non-invasive biomarkers for HIV-1 infection is crucial for improved diagnostics and patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the utility of (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance ((31)P-NMR) for diagnosing HIV-1 infection.
- To investigate changes in intracellular metabolites and bioenergetic parameters associated with HIV-1 infection.
- To determine if the ratio of phosphodiester (PDE) to phosphomonoester (PME) lipids can serve as a biomarker for HIV-1 infection.
Main Methods:
- Utilized (31)P-NMR spectroscopy to measure intracellular metabolite concentrations in HIV-1 infected and non-infected human cell lines and primary isolates.
- Analyzed changes in the ratio of phosphodiester (PDE) to phosphomonoester (PME) lipids.
- Assessed HIV-1 infection in lymphocytes from seropositive and non-infected individuals using the altered PDE/PME ratio as a selection criterion.
Main Results:
- A significant alteration in the PDE/PME ratio was observed in HIV-1 infected cells compared to non-infected cells.
- The PDE/PME ratio uniformly decreased 2.00-2.26 fold in HIV-1 infected cells.
- A decreased PDE/PME ratio was characteristic of HIV-1 infection in lymphocytes from both seropositive and non-infected human subjects.
Conclusions:
- Changes in cellular phospholipids, specifically the PDE/PME ratio, are induced by HIV-1 infection.
- (31)P-NMR detected these phospholipid changes, indicating its potential as a diagnostic tool for HIV-1.
- The findings suggest NMR analysis could be applied for in situ imaging of HIV-1 infected organs and tissues, offering a non-invasive diagnostic strategy.
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