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Progressive leukoencephalopathy caused by primary CNS lymphoma
Benjamin Matosevic1, Michael Knoflach, Martin Furtner
1Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
Journal of Clinical Pathology
|April 1, 2010
Summary
A rare form of central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma caused rapidly progressive leukoencephalopathy and stroke in a patient. Early diagnosis of this diffuse infiltrating and intravascular large B cell lymphoma is crucial for prompt treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Leukoaraiosis is frequently observed in clinical practice, with common causes including microatheroma and hypertensive small vessel disease.
- Rare differential diagnoses for leukoaraiosis necessitate careful consideration in clinical settings.
Observation:
- A man in his 60s experienced a left pontine infarction, followed by rapidly worsening leukoaraiosis and dementia.
- Standard non-invasive diagnostic methods failed to identify the underlying cause.
Findings:
- A brain biopsy revealed a previously undescribed combination of diffuse infiltrating and intravascular large B cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS).
- This rare lymphoma presented as a cause of rapidly progressive leukoencephalopathy and stroke.
Implications:
- Diffuse infiltrating and intravascular primary CNS lymphoma can lead to stroke via neoplastic microvessel occlusion and inflammatory tissue damage.
- Increased awareness among neurologists and stroke physicians is vital for accelerated diagnosis and treatment initiation of this rare condition.
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