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Related Concept Videos

Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
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Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
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In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Methods to Discover Alternative Promoter Usage and Transcriptional Regulation of Murine Bcrp1
11:02

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Published on: May 27, 2016

Promoter diversity in multigene transformation.

Ariadna Peremarti1, Richard M Twyman, Sonia Gómez-Galera

  • 1Departament de Producció Vegetal i Ciència Forestal, ETSEA, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.

Plant Molecular Biology
|April 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Multigene transformation (MGT) in plants requires careful promoter selection. Strategies for deploying multiple gene promoters impact transgene stability and expression, crucial for developing complex plant phenotypes.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biotechnology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Multigene transformation (MGT) is increasingly utilized in plant biotechnology to create complex plant phenotypes.
  • Each nuclear transgene requires a unique promoter for expression.
  • Coordinated expression of multiple transgenes necessitates strategic promoter deployment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss promoter deployment strategies for successful and stable multigene expression in transgenic plants.
  • To analyze the implications of using different promoters versus repetitive promoter use for transgene stability and expression.
  • To provide insights based on illustrative case studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review and discussion of promoter deployment strategies in plant MGT.
  • Analysis of case studies illustrating promoter use in transgenic plants.
  • Evaluation of transgene stability and expression based on promoter selection.

Main Results:

  • The choice of promoter strategy (diverse vs. repetitive use) significantly impacts transgene stability and expression levels.
  • A shortage of promoters with specific activities can limit the use of diverse promoter strategies.
  • Repetitive promoter use may lead to reduced transgene stability and expression in some cases.

Conclusions:

  • Strategic promoter deployment is critical for achieving successful and stable multigene expression in plants.
  • Understanding the trade-offs between different promoter strategies is essential for plant biotechnology advancements.
  • Further research into promoter function and selection is needed for optimizing MGT.