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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

In Situ SIMS and IR Spectroscopy of Well-defined Surfaces Prepared by Soft Landing of Mass-selected Ions
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Functionalized Au22 clusters: synthesis, characterization, and patterning.

E S Shibu1, B Radha, P K Verma

  • 1DST Unit on Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry and Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 2, 2010
PubMed
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We synthesized fluorescent porphyrin-anchored gold nanoclusters (Au22) from gold nanoclusters (Au25) using a novel single-step method. These water-soluble clusters were used to create fluorescent patterns via soft lithography.

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) exhibit unique optical and electronic properties.
  • Controlling the size and surface functionalization of AuNCs is crucial for their applications.
  • Porphyrins are versatile molecules with interesting photophysical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize fluorescent porphyrin-anchored gold nanoclusters (Au22).
  • To characterize the structure and composition of the synthesized Au22 clusters.
  • To demonstrate the application of these clusters in fabricating fluorescent patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Single-step synthesis of Au22 clusters from Au25 precursors via core reduction and ligand exchange at a liquid-liquid interface.
  • Characterization using UV/vis, photoluminescence, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and mass spectrometry.

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  • Fabrication of fluorescent patterns using soft lithography and analysis by atomic force microscopy and confocal fluorescence imaging.

    • Main Results:

    • Formation of Au22 clusters confirmed by the absence of Au25 intraband transitions and emergence of new peaks at 520 and 635 nm.
    • Reduced core size indicated by a 0.4 eV increase in Au 4f binding energy.
    • Porphyrin functionalization confirmed by fluorimetric titrations and elemental analysis, yielding a composition of Au22[(-SG)(15)(-SAOPPTH(2))(2)].
    • Successful fabrication of fluorescent patterns using the water-soluble Au22 clusters.

    Conclusions:

    • A facile single-step method for synthesizing fluorescent porphyrin-anchored Au22 clusters was developed.
    • The synthesized clusters possess well-defined composition and structure.
    • These fluorescent Au22 clusters are suitable for creating microscale fluorescent patterns, opening avenues for nanoscale device fabrication.