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Graphite oxide flame-retardant polymer nanocomposites.

Amanda L Higginbotham¹, Jay R Lomeda, Alexander B Morgan

¹Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS 222, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|April 2, 2010

Summary

This study developed graphite oxide (GO) polymer nanocomposites to improve fire safety. The addition of GO significantly reduced flammability and enhanced mechanical properties in polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and polystyrene systems.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Polymer Chemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Polymer nanocomposites offer enhanced material properties.
Graphite oxide (GO) is a promising nanofiller for polymer matrices.
Fire safety is a critical concern for many polymer applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop graphite oxide (GO) polymer nanocomposites.
To evaluate the flammability reduction and material properties of these nanocomposites.
To investigate the effect of varying GO concentrations (1, 5, and 10 wt %) on polymer matrices.

Main Methods:

Development of GO-polymer nanocomposites using polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and high-impact polystyrene (HIPS).
Morphological and dispersion analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy.

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Mechanical property assessment via dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) to measure storage modulus.

Flammability testing using microscale oxygen consumption calorimetry and vertical open flame tests.

Main Results:

GO was well-dispersed within the polymer matrices without significant aggregation.
Storage modulus increased in all polymer systems with increasing GO loading.
GO addition reduced total heat release and peak heat release rates.
GO-PC composites exhibited rapid self-extinguishing times in vertical flame tests.

Conclusions:

GO is an effective nanofiller for enhancing the mechanical properties and reducing the flammability of PC, ABS, and HIPS.
The improved fire safety characteristics, particularly in GO-PC composites, are significant for regulatory compliance.
GO-polymer nanocomposites represent a viable approach for developing safer polymeric materials.