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Oxidative changes in hypoxic rat heart tissue.

Y Park1, S Kanekal, J P Kehrer

  • 1Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, Austin 78712-1074.

The American Journal of Physiology
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Hypoxia induces oxidative stress in heart tissue, decreasing glutathione and increasing oxidative damage markers. Reoxygenation does not worsen these oxidative changes, suggesting enzyme release is not due to oxidative stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in cellular damage during hypoxia and reoxygenation.
  • The specific role of ROS in heart tissue injury during these conditions remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and impact of oxidative changes in isolated rat heart tissue during hypoxia and reoxygenation.
  • To determine if reactive oxygen species contribute to heart tissue injury under these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated rat hearts were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit medium.
  • Hearts were subjected to periods of hypoxia (5-60 min) and reoxygenation (4 min).
  • Levels of glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), protein carbonyls, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein thiols, and Ca-ATPase activity were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Hypoxia led to decreased GSH and increased GSSG, protein carbonyls, and TBARS in heart tissue and mitochondria.
  • Sarcolemmal and sarcoplasmic reticular Ca-ATPase activity decreased after hypoxia, indicating oxidative inactivation.
  • Oxidative changes were more pronounced after 60 min of hypoxia; no significant further changes occurred upon reoxygenation.
  • Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release peaked at reoxygenation, but without corresponding increases in oxidative stress markers.

Conclusions:

  • Hypoxia induces significant oxidative stress in myocardial tissue and mitochondria.
  • The observed enzyme release during reoxygenation is unlikely to be caused by oxidative stress.
  • These findings highlight the impact of hypoxia on cardiac oxidative balance.