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A Laboratory Method to Measure Contagious Yawning in Rats
06:49

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Non-human primates: a comparative developmental perspective on yawning.

James R Anderson1

  • 1University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland.

Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience
|April 2, 2010
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Yawning in Old World monkeys can be a threat display influenced by social status. While macaques show flexible yawning, contagious yawning is rare, unlike in humans and chimpanzees.

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Area of Science:

  • Primate Behavior
  • Ethology
  • Animal Communication

Background:

  • Yawning in Old World monkeys has historically been interpreted as a threat display, particularly in agonistic situations.
  • Yawning frequency in adult males correlates with hormonal levels and social hierarchy, suggesting a role in social signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on the function and control of yawning in Old World monkeys and chimpanzees.
  • To investigate the phenomenon of contagious yawning across different primate species and compare it to human yawning patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental studies on operant conditioning of yawning in macaques.
  • Analysis of experiments exposing chimpanzees to visual yawn stimuli (videos, animations) to assess contagious yawning.

Main Results:

  • Adult male macaques demonstrate operant control over yawning rate, indicating flexibility in its production.
  • Chimpanzees exhibit contagious yawning in response to visual stimuli, similar to humans, while Old World monkeys show little evidence of this behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Yawning serves diverse functions, including social signaling and threat displays in primates.
  • Contagious yawning appears more prevalent in humans and chimpanzees than in Old World monkeys, possibly due to social constraints on yawning in natural settings.