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N-CAM, polysialic acid and chick tail bud development.

C M Griffith1, M J Wiley

  • 1Department of Anatomy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Anatomy and Embryology
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) causes defects by binding sialic acids. This study shows Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (N-CAM) is involved in chick tail bud development, and WGA may target its sialic acid residues.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Glycobiology

Background:

  • Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) binding to developing chick tail buds causes caudal axial defects, likely due to sialic acid interactions.
  • Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (N-CAM) is a sialic acid-containing glycoprotein crucial in neural development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution and role of N-CAM in chick tail bud development.
  • To determine if WGA's effects are mediated through N-CAM's sialic acid residues.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining for N-CAM and highly polysialylated N-CAM (using 5A5 antibody) in chick tail buds.
  • Sub-blastodermal injection of anti-N-CAM antibody in HH stages 13-14 chick embryos.
  • Analysis of resulting caudal axial malformations.

Main Results:

  • N-CAM was detected in the early tail bud medullary cord; highly polysialylated N-CAM was not observed initially.
  • Later stages showed N-CAM throughout the neural tube, with 5A5 antibody staining restricted to the floor plate.
  • Injection of anti-N-CAM antibody induced caudal malformations, including neural tube/notochord duplication and fusion.

Conclusions:

  • N-CAM is present during secondary neural axis development from the tail bud.
  • The highly sialylated form of N-CAM appears later in development.
  • N-CAM plays a role in tail bud development, and WGA may exert its teratogenic effects by interacting with N-CAM's sialic acid residues.

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