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Related Concept Videos

Antidotes01:17

Antidotes

Antidotes are medicinal substances used to counteract the harmful effects of toxins or drugs in the body. They function in various ways, each uniquely designed to combat specific toxic compounds.
Specific antidotes operate by inhibiting the enzymes that control biochemical pathways, reducing the production of harmful metabolites.
An example of an antidote is atropine, which counteracts the detrimental effects of cholinesterase inhibitors. It achieves this by deactivating muscarinic receptors,...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores02:26

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
11:14

Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Published on: October 2, 2016

Poisonous plants.

Robert H Poppenga1

  • 1California Animal Health & Food Safety Laboratory System, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. rhpoppenga@ucdavis.edu

EXS
|April 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Many plants contain toxins causing adverse effects in people and animals. While some plant poisonings are mild, others can be fatal, and diagnosis can be challenging.

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Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples
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Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples

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Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Botany
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Plant toxicity results from diverse chemical compounds like alkaloids and glycosides.
  • Species-specific sensitivities to plant toxins are common.
  • Pets, children, and livestock share environments with toxic plants, leading to varied exposures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges and current understanding of plant toxicity in humans and animals.
  • To highlight the diversity of plant toxins and their effects.
  • To discuss diagnostic and therapeutic considerations for plant intoxications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of plant toxicology and poisoning cases.
  • Analysis of chemical compounds responsible for plant toxicity.
  • Examination of diagnostic limitations and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Plant toxicity involves a wide array of chemicals, with some toxins yet to be identified.
  • Differential susceptibility to plant toxins exists across species.
  • Diagnosis is often difficult, particularly in veterinary cases lacking exposure history.
  • Limited availability and timeliness of analytical tests hinder diagnosis.
  • Antidotes are rarely available, making supportive care crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Plant intoxications pose a significant risk, ranging from mild to fatal.
  • Effective management relies on supportive care due to limited diagnostic tools and antidotes.
  • Further research is needed to identify unknown plant toxins and improve diagnostic capabilities.