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Tuberculosis in elderly persons.

W W Stead1, A K Dutt

  • 1Arkansas Department of Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205.

Annual Review of Medicine
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Recurrent tuberculosis due to exogenous reinfection.

The New England journal of medicine·2001

Tuberculosis (TB) re-emerges in older adults due to dormant infections. Physicians must increase suspicion for TB in the elderly to prevent transmission and misdiagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) has been largely controlled in Western nations.
  • Reactivated TB primarily affects individuals over 65, harboring dormant bacilli from earlier infections.
  • Aging-related decline can reactivate these dormant infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To increase physician awareness of tuberculosis in elderly patients.
  • To reduce diagnostic delays and misdiagnosis of TB in geriatric populations.
  • To prevent nosocomial transmission of TB from elderly patients to healthcare workers.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review and synthesis of existing literature on TB in the elderly.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges and epidemiological trends.

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  • Emphasis on clinical suspicion and early detection strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Tuberculosis is frequently overlooked in the elderly, often misdiagnosed as bronchitis or bronchopneumonia.
    • Delayed diagnosis leads to prolonged infectious periods and potential exposure of healthcare workers.
    • Elderly individuals with dormant TB lesions are at significant risk for reactivation.

    Conclusions:

    • Heightened clinical suspicion for TB is crucial in geriatric patients.
    • Prompt diagnosis and treatment of TB in the elderly are essential for patient outcomes and public health.
    • Implementing targeted screening and diagnostic protocols can mitigate TB resurgence in this vulnerable population.