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Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections01:21

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections

Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...

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Use of a Low-flow Digital Anesthesia System for Mice and Rats
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Digital anaesthesia: one injection or two?

Beverley Cannon1, Louisa Chan, Joanna S Rowlinson

  • 1Emergency Department, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK

Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ
|April 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single injection digital nerve block (SDNB) is as effective as traditional two-injection digital nerve block (TDNB) for digital anaesthesia. SDNB showed improved patient distress and clinician satisfaction, making it a viable alternative for emergency departments.

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Anesthesiology
  • Hand Surgery

Background:

  • Digital nerve blocks (DNB) are frequently performed in Emergency Departments (ED).
  • Assessing the efficacy of single injection subcutaneous digital nerve block (SDNB) against traditional two-injection digital nerve block (TDNB) is crucial for optimizing digital anaesthesia.
  • Fingertip injuries distal to the distal-interphalangeal joint often require DNB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if single injection subcutaneous digital nerve block (SDNB) is as effective as traditional two-injection digital nerve block (TDNB) for achieving digital anaesthesia.
  • To compare patient distress and clinician satisfaction between SDNB and TDNB.
  • To evaluate the incidence of complications associated with both DNB techniques.

Main Methods:

  • A single-blinded, prospective, randomized-controlled multicentre trial was conducted in Hampshire EDs.
  • Patients aged 16 years or older requiring DNB for fingertip injuries/infections were randomized to either SDNB or TDNB.
  • Primary outcome was successful anaesthesia; secondary outcomes included patient distress, clinician satisfaction (CS), and complications.

Main Results:

  • At 5 minutes, 76% of SDNB patients achieved adequate anaesthesia versus 65% for TDNB. At 10 minutes, 89% of SDNB patients were adequately anaesthetised compared to 82% for TDNB.
  • The SDNB group reported lower mean distress scores and higher mean clinician satisfaction scores than the TDNB group.
  • No complications were reported in either group.

Conclusions:

  • Single injection digital nerve block (SDNB) is as effective as traditional two-injection digital nerve block (TDNB).
  • While outcome measures favored SDNB, only clinician satisfaction achieved statistical significance.
  • SDNB is a viable alternative for digital anaesthesia in the ED, with some departments adopting it as standard practice.