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Characterization of rotavirus strains from day care centers: pre- and post-rotavirus vaccine era

Simone G Morillo1, Adriana Luchs, Audrey Cilli

  • 1Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Enteric Virus Laboratory, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. sgmorillo@gmail.com

Jornal De Pediatria
|April 3, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus vaccine introduction in Brazil was followed by changes in circulating rotavirus strains and a decrease in infection rates among young children. Ongoing surveillance is crucial to monitor vaccine effectiveness and emerging genotypes.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children globally.
  • The rotavirus vaccine was integrated into Brazil's National Immunization Program in 2006.
  • Monitoring rotavirus epidemiology is essential for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a 5-year surveillance of rotavirus strains in children under 5 years old with acute gastroenteritis.
  • To analyze rotavirus genotype distribution and detection rates in São Paulo, Brazil, post-vaccine introduction.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study analyzing fecal specimens from 30 day care centers (2004-2008).
  • Utilized ELISA, SDS-PAGE, RT-PCR, and gene sequencing for rotavirus detection and genotyping.
  • Convenience sampling for specimen collection.

Main Results:

  • Rotavirus infection was detected in 28.3% of samples.
  • Predominant genotypes shifted over the study period: G9P[8] and G1P[8] (2004), G1P[8] (2005), GNTP[NT] (2006), and G2P[4] (2007).
  • A declining detection rate was observed, from 65.7% in 2004 to 50% in 2007.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus genotype distribution demonstrated variability annually, coinciding with a reduced detection rate.
  • Post-marketing surveillance is vital to track rotavirus strain diversity and vaccine efficacy against new genotypes.
Abstract

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