Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microtubules in Signaling01:22

Microtubules in Signaling

The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...
Studying the Cytoskeleton01:17

Studying the Cytoskeleton

The cytoskeletal architecture can be studied using different microscopic and biochemical techniques. Electron microscopy was instrumental in discovering the cytoskeletal architecture around the 1960s, which allowed obtaining structural information at a high-resolution level. However, the sample preparation procedure often limits this ability in biological samples. Several protocols have been developed over the years to optimize sample preparation. In one of the protocols known as rotary...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pre-operative MRI Bone Texture is Associated with Complications After Spine Fusion.

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·2026
Same author

Obesity disrupts ovarian hemodynamics during the preovulatory and luteal phases in mice†.

Biology of reproduction·2026
Same author

Doppler Ultrasonography for Live Imaging and Quantification of Ovarian Vascular Function in Mice.

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE·2025
Same author

Biomarkers for Preoperative Bone Quality Assessment: A Prospective Investigation of Dermal Ultrasound and Advanced Glycation End-products in Lumbar Fusion Patients.

Ultrasound in medicine & biology·2025
Same author

Pathophysiology of Bone Fragility in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Current osteoporosis reports·2025
Same author

Bone texture by clinical magnetic resonance imaging is directly related to bone tissue maturity by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

JBMR plus·2025
Same journal

Quantification of cell viability by automated analysis of live cell imaging.

Methods in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Flow cytometry evaluation of cytotoxicity exerted by effector immune cells against tumor cells.

Methods in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Time-lapse confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis of FOOD formation.

Methods in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Screening and identification of protein-protein interaction using proximity labeling.

Methods in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Quantitative high-content profiling of mitochondrial morphology with automated statistical analysis and integrated data visualization.

Methods in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Super-resolution imaging of cell death in Drosophila tissues via expansion and pan-expansion microscopy.

Methods in cell biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence
08:07

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Published on: May 15, 2020

Analyzing primary cilia by multiphoton microscopy.

Cornelia E Farnum1, Rebecca M Williams, Eve Donnelly

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14865, USA.

Methods in Cell Biology
|April 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a rapid immunohistochemistry and multiphoton microscopy technique for analyzing primary cilia axonemes in connective tissues. It offers advantages over traditional methods for visualizing ciliary structures and associated collagen.

More Related Videos

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium
07:53

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium

Published on: January 16, 2018

Volumetric Imaging and Analysis of Primary Cilia in Musculoskeletal Tissue using the ARL13B-CENTRIN-2 Mouse Model
09:53

Volumetric Imaging and Analysis of Primary Cilia in Musculoskeletal Tissue using the ARL13B-CENTRIN-2 Mouse Model

Published on: March 28, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence
08:07

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Published on: May 15, 2020

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium
07:53

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium

Published on: January 16, 2018

Volumetric Imaging and Analysis of Primary Cilia in Musculoskeletal Tissue using the ARL13B-CENTRIN-2 Mouse Model
09:53

Volumetric Imaging and Analysis of Primary Cilia in Musculoskeletal Tissue using the ARL13B-CENTRIN-2 Mouse Model

Published on: March 28, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Microscopy Techniques
  • Connective Tissue Research

Background:

  • Primary cilia play crucial roles in cellular signaling and tissue homeostasis.
  • Analyzing ciliary structures in connective tissues presents challenges due to tissue density and complexity.
  • Existing microscopy techniques like Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) offer high resolution but are time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a combined immunohistochemistry (IHC) and multiphoton microscopy (MPM) technique for analyzing primary cilia.
  • To assess the incidence, length, and 3D orientation of primary cilia axonemes in tenocytes and chondrocytes.
  • To highlight the advantages of MPM for rapid, multi-cellular analysis of cilia in connective tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) using specific antibodies to label axonemes, basal bodies, and centrioles.
  • Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) for imaging ciliary structures, utilizing Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) for collagen visualization.
  • Comparison of MPM with TEM and confocal microscopy for sample preparation speed, data acquisition, and imaging capabilities.

Main Results:

  • The IHC-MPM technique allows for efficient visualization and analysis of primary cilia axonemes, basal bodies, and centrioles.
  • MPM offers rapid sample preparation and simultaneous data collection from multiple cells, surpassing TEM in speed.
  • Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) with MPM enables visualization of collagen fibrils, aiding in the localization of cilia within connective tissues.
  • MPM provides deep tissue penetration with reduced photobleaching compared to confocal microscopy.

Conclusions:

  • The IHC-MPM technique provides a rapid and effective method for analyzing primary cilia in various connective tissues.
  • MPM's ability to visualize collagen via SHG is advantageous for studying cilia in their native tissue environment.
  • While TEM offers higher morphological resolution, MPM provides a faster, more comprehensive analysis for certain applications, especially in dense connective tissues.