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Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design

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Published on: May 31, 2021

Changes in esthetic standards since 1940.

Mirjam Berneburg¹, Klaus Dietz, Claudia Niederle

¹Department of Orthodontics, University of Tübingen, Osianderstrasse 2-8, Tübingen, Germany. mirjam.berneburg@med.uni-tuebingen.de

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|April 6, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Facial attractiveness standards for men and women have evolved, with attractive faces becoming more similar over time. Societal changes may influence these evolving beauty ideals.

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Area of Science:

Anthropology
Facial morphology
Aesthetics

Background:

Investigating historical shifts in facial attractiveness standards.
Examining popular female and male facial features across different eras.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare popular female and male facial traits from 1940 to 2008.
To determine the extent of changes in these facial features over time.

Main Methods:

Utilized internet film databases to source images of attractive individuals (1940-2008).
Quantitatively analyzed facial measurements from at least 20 images per sex per decade.
Grouped intersex facial differences by decade to track changes.

Main Results:

Women exhibited fuller, more protrusive lips, especially in the 21st century.
Significant sex-specific changes observed in chin length, frontonasal angles, and total face angles.
Attractive male and female faces showed convergence in chin size and position over time.

Conclusions:

Societal developments appear to influence perceptions of facial attractiveness.
Evolving beauty standards may lead to greater facial similarity between sexes.