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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Unusual diffusion in a quasi-two-dimensional granular gas.

Wennan Chen¹, Kiwing To

¹Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 115, Republic of China.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|April 7, 2010

Summary

In a vibrating box, plastic balls exhibit unusual diffusion. Both temperature and diffusion increase with the number of balls for small N, explained by a two-state model.

Area of Science:

Physics
Granular Materials Science
Statistical Mechanics

Background:

Granular materials exhibit complex behaviors distinct from molecular systems.
Understanding diffusion in confined granular gases is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate diffusion in a quasi-two-dimensional granular gas.
Analyze the influence of particle number on granular temperature and diffusion.
Explain the observed anomalous diffusion behavior.

Main Methods:

Experimental setup: quasi-two-dimensional granular gas of plastic balls in a vertically vibrating thin box.
Modeling: horizontal motion analyzed using the Langevin equation.
Theoretical explanation: two-state model incorporating collisions with box boundaries and other balls.

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In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

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The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

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Main Results:

Horizontal motion follows Langevin equation with viscous drag.
Granular temperature and diffusion constant increase with particle number (N) for small N.
Anomalous diffusion observed and explained by the two-state model.

Conclusions:

The study reveals counterintuitive diffusion behavior in confined granular gases.
A two-state model successfully explains the observed increase in diffusion with particle number.
Findings contribute to the understanding of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics in granular systems.