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Adsorption Isotherms I

Adsorption Isotherms I

Adsorption isotherms are mathematical models that describe how molecules in a gas or liquid phase interact with surfaces. Two of the most common isotherm models are the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, which relate to Type I monolayer chemisorption. The Langmuir model is based on four key assumptions:• Adsorption cannot exceed monolayer coverage.• All surface sites are equivalent.• Molecules adsorb only at vacant sites.• There are no interactions between adsorbed molecules.Consider the...

Adsorption Isotherms II

Adsorption Isotherms II

Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) introduced a theory in 1938 that modified Langmuir's assumptions to explain multilayer physical adsorption. This theory is applicable to Type II isotherms and provides a more realistic picture of adsorption processes. The BET theory assumes a uniform solid surface with localized adsorption sites, where adsorption at one site doesn't affect adsorption at neighboring sites. This theory also allows for the possibility of additional molecules being adsorbed on top...

Analyte Adsorption and Distribution

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In certain chromatographic separations, solutes transfer between the mobile phase and the stationary phase via sorption, which typically refers to the process of adsorption. For many chromatographic systems, the sorption process often depends on the polarity of the compounds—an expression of the overall dipole moment within the molecule. During the separation process, there is competition between the solute and solvent for adsorption to the stationary phase. Highly polar compounds and solvents...

Diffusion

Diffusion

Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...

Diffusion

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Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...

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Adsorption is a process where molecules, known as the adsorbates, accumulate on a surface, which is referred to as the adsorbent or substrate. Occurring at the solid-gas interface, this phenomenon is crucial in various scientific and industrial contexts. The reverse of adsorption is desorption.Two types of adsorptions exist: physical (physisorption) and chemical (chemisorption). Physisorption involves gas molecules held to the solid's surface by relatively weak intermolecular van der Waals...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

An Inverse Analysis Approach to the Characterization of Chemical Transport in Paints

An Inverse Analysis Approach to the Characterization of Chemical Transport in Paints

Published on: August 29, 2014

Non-Markovian diffusion and the adsorption-desorption process.

E K Lenzi¹, C A R Yednak, L R Evangelista

¹Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|April 7, 2010

Summary

This study investigates anomalous diffusion and memory effects in particle adsorption-desorption processes. We analytically determined particle densities in bulk and on surfaces, crucial for understanding complex fluid-surface interactions.

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Area of Science:

Physical Chemistry
Fluid Dynamics
Surface Science

Background:

Non-Markovian diffusion describes particle movement with memory effects.
Adsorption-desorption dynamics at surfaces are critical in many physical and chemical processes.
Understanding particle behavior in confined fluids is essential for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To theoretically investigate non-Markovian diffusion of particles in a semi-infinite fluid cell.
To analyze the adsorption-desorption dynamics of dispersed particles on a limited surface.
To determine the time-dependent densities of bulk and surface particles.

Main Methods:

Theoretical investigation of particle diffusion.
Application of a modified kinetic equation for surface particle density.
Analytical determination of bulk and surface particle densities.
Consideration of particle number conservation.

Main Results:

The system exhibits anomalous diffusion behavior.
Memory effects are observed in the adsorption-desorption process.
Analytical solutions for bulk and surface particle densities were obtained.

Conclusions:

The findings provide a theoretical framework for studying anomalous diffusion with memory effects.
The results are applicable to adsorption-desorption phenomena of neutral and charged particles.
This research aids in understanding particle behavior at fluid-solid interfaces under anomalous diffusion conditions.