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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Work exchange between quantum systems: the spin-oscillator model.

Heiko Schröder1, Günter Mahler

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik 1, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany. heiko.schroeder@itp1.uni-stuttgart.de

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|April 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum mechanics can explain work flux emergence in quantum systems. Small quantum systems can function as work reservoirs, with some interactions enabling arbitrarily high work source quality.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Thermodynamics
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Quantum thermodynamics demonstrates heat flux emergence from quantum mechanics for systems in a quantum environment.
  • This study explores the complementary concept of work flux emergence from quantum mechanics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of work flux from quantum mechanics.
  • To introduce and discuss methods for assessing the work source quality of quantum systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing generalized factorization approximation to assess work source quality.
  • Employing generalized definitions of work and heat for assessment.
  • Analyzing a model system of a spin coupled to an oscillator.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that small quantum systems can act as work reservoirs.
  • Investigated the impact of two distinct interactions on work source quality.
  • Identified an interaction enabling arbitrarily high work source quality.

Conclusions:

  • Work flux can emerge from quantum mechanics, analogous to heat flux.
  • Quantum systems, particularly small ones, possess the capacity to function as work reservoirs.
  • The quality of a system as a work reservoir is dependent on its interactions and system properties.