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Related Concept Videos

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving

Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
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Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
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An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
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Published on: December 4, 2017

Constitutive relations in dense granular flows.

John J Drozd1, Colin Denniston

  • 1Department of Applied Mathematics, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B8.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|April 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Simulations reveal constitutive relations for dry granular flow, observing distinct gas, fluid, and glassy states. Transport coefficients deviate from predictions, with viscosity and heat conductivity increasing as temperature decreases in fluid and glassy phases.

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Published on: September 29, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Physics of granular materials
  • Computational fluid dynamics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding constitutive relations is crucial for modeling granular flow dynamics.
  • Dry granular flows exhibit complex behaviors across different density and energy regimes.
  • Existing models often struggle to capture the transition between granular phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and establish a closed set of constitutive relations for dry granular flow.
  • To analyze the behavior of stresses, heat flow, and dissipation across different granular phases.
  • To compare simulation results with existing models, particularly for transport coefficients.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of polydisperse spherical grains falling in a vertical chute under gravity.
  • Observation and analysis of three distinct granular phases: granular gas, granular fluid, and glassy state.
  • Examination of local stresses, heat flow, and dissipation to derive constitutive relations.

Main Results:

  • Identified three distinct phases: free-fall granular gas, granular fluid, and a bottom glassy region.
  • Pressure is well-described by hard sphere gas models, but transport coefficients (viscosity, heat conductivity) are not.
  • Transport coefficients increase with decreasing temperature in the fluid and glassy phases.
  • The glassy state shows signs of a finite yield stress, consistent with a static sand pile limit.

Conclusions:

  • A complete set of constitutive relations is proposed for dry granular flow simulations.
  • Standard gas models are insufficient for describing transport phenomena in dense granular flows.
  • The study provides insights into the transition to a solid-like glassy state and its yield stress.