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Related Concept Videos

Specific Gravity of Aggregate01:19

Specific Gravity of Aggregate

Aggregates typically contain pores, which can be either permeable or impermeable. Considering the pores in the aggregates, the specific gravity of aggregates is defined in three different forms, namely, bulk or gross specific gravity, apparent specific gravity, and absolute specific gravity.
Bulk or gross specific gravity is calculated by taking the ratio of the mass of aggregates in the saturated surface-dry state to the total volume that includes both the solids and the voids within the...
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The compacting factor test is a method used to assess the workability of concrete. It is  especially suitable for concrete mixes containing aggregates up to one and a half inches in size. This test involves specialized equipment consisting of two truncated cone-shaped hoppers and a cylinder, all with polished interior surfaces to minimize friction.
The procedure begins by placing concrete into the upper hopper without any compaction. Once filled, the bottom door of this hopper is opened,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography
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Published on: September 29, 2019

Spectral responses in granular compaction.

Ling-Nan Zou1

  • 1Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, James Franck Institute and Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. zou@uchicago.edu

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|April 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Granular packing compaction shows glassy aging, but its dynamic volumetric susceptibility exhibits minimal glassy effects. These dynamics suggest rare, large-scale particle rearrangements control granular compaction.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Slow compaction in tapped granular packing resembles low-temperature dynamics in glasses.
  • Understanding granular material dynamics is crucial for various scientific and engineering applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics of granular compaction using volumetric spectroscopy.
  • To compare the observed dynamics with those of structural and spin glasses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing volumetric spectroscopy to study granular compaction dynamics.
  • Analyzing specific packing volume (v) and dynamic volumetric susceptibility (χ(v)).
  • Investigating the effects of tapping amplitude (Γ) and finite system size.

Main Results:

  • Specific packing volume (v) shows glassy aging and memory effects at low tapping amplitudes (Γ).
  • Dynamic volumetric susceptibility (χ(v)) exhibits minimal glassy effects and no rapidly growing time scale.
  • The behavior of χ(v) aligns with a dynamic configurational specific heat, unlike typical glass susceptibilities.

Conclusions:

  • Granular compaction dynamics differ significantly from those in structural and spin glasses.
  • Statistically rare, large-scale collective particle rearrangements appear to govern the glassy dynamics of granular compaction.
  • Finite system size modifications provide insights into the nature of these collective rearrangements.