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An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
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Published on: December 4, 2017

Flow-induced agitations create a granular fluid.

Kiri Nichol1, Alexey Zanin, Renaud Bastien

  • 1Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, Universiteit Leiden, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.

Physical Review Letters
|April 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Localized stirring fluidizes granular media, making distant regions behave like liquids. This nonlocal rheology demonstrates how agitation in one area affects the mechanical response in another, revealing fluidlike properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Granular materials exhibit complex behaviors distinct from simple liquids or solids.
  • Understanding the transition to fluidlike states is crucial for various applications.
  • Nonlocal effects in soft matter are an area of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanical response of quiescent regions in a granular medium subjected to localized fluidization.
  • To determine if fluidlike behavior extends to areas far from the direct stirring.
  • To explore the underlying rheological principles, specifically nonlocal effects.

Main Methods:

  • Fluidization of a granular medium via localized stirring.
  • Probing mechanical responses in quiescent regions using density probes and measuring drag forces.
  • Analyzing the relationship between stress and strain rate in different locations.

Main Results:

  • Quiescent regions exhibited liquidlike behavior: density probes sank or floated according to Archimedes' principle.
  • Drag forces on moving probes scaled linearly with velocity, characteristic of viscous fluids.
  • The fluidlike properties were directly linked to agitation from the stirred region.

Conclusions:

  • Localized stirring can induce nonlocal fluidlike behavior in granular materials.
  • The observed phenomena suggest a nonlocal rheology where distant regions are influenced by local agitation.
  • This study provides evidence for long-range mechanical coupling in granular systems.