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Related Experiment Videos

Electric power from offshore wind via synoptic-scale interconnection.

Willett Kempton¹, Felipe M Pimenta, Dana E Veron

¹Center for Carbon-free Power Integration, College of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. willett@UDel.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|April 7, 2010

Summary

Connecting wind generators across the U.S. East Coast stabilizes power output. This Atlantic Transmission Grid minimizes fluctuations, ensuring a more consistent renewable energy supply by leveraging diverse wind patterns.

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Area of Science:

Renewable Energy Systems
Meteorology
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Global wind power resources are substantial but face challenges due to the intermittent nature of wind.
Fluctuating wind power output limits its reliability as a steady energy source.
Stabilizing wind power requires innovative approaches to manage its inherent variability.

Purpose of the Study:

To test the hypothesis that a meteorologically designed configuration and electrical connection of wind generators can stabilize power output.
To analyze the potential of a large-scale interconnected wind power system along the U.S. East Coast.
To investigate the meteorological factors influencing wind power generation stability.

Main Methods:

Utilized 5 years of hourly wind data from 11 meteorological stations spanning 2,500 km along the U.S. East Coast.
Calculated power output for individual wind generation sites.
Simulated an interconnected power line, the Atlantic Transmission Grid, to assess combined output stability.

Main Results:

Individual sites showed typical power fluctuations.
The simulated Atlantic Transmission Grid demonstrated significantly stabilized output, rarely reaching extremes of low or full power.
Power output changes were gradual, and generation was continuous throughout the 5-year study period.
Analysis of reanalysis data identified specific weather phenomena responsible for both steady production and intermittent low-power periods.

Conclusions:

Interconnecting geographically dispersed wind generators via a transmission grid can effectively stabilize wind power output.
The Atlantic Transmission Grid concept offers a viable solution for consistent renewable energy supply.
Recommendations are provided for institutional frameworks suitable for managing such a large-scale power system.