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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...

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Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells
06:21

Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells

Published on: November 21, 2018

Metabolism and the leukemic stem cell.

Omar Abdel-Wahab1, Ross L Levine

  • 1Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|April 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Recent studies reveal metabolic pathway abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) stem cells. Targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) may offer new therapeutic strategies for AML.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Metabolic Pathways

Background:

  • Acute leukemias are clonal hematopoiesis disorders driven by leukemic stem cells (LSCs).
  • Genetic and epigenetic abnormalities in leukemic cells are key to understanding leukemia biology.
  • Recent research highlights the role of metabolic pathways in leukemic hematopoiesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate specific abnormalities in metabolic pathways within leukemic hematopoiesis.
  • To explore the connection between metabolic dysregulation and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) pathogenesis.
  • To investigate the potential of targeting metabolic pathways for AML treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of metabolic pathways in leukemic stem cells.
  • Investigation of genetic and epigenetic factors influencing metabolic abnormalities.

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Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up

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  • Correlation of metabolic pathway alterations with reactive oxygen species (ROS) abundance.

    • Main Results:

    • Identification of specific metabolic pathway dysregulations in acute leukemias.
    • Demonstration that LSCs possess altered metabolic profiles compared to normal hematopoietic stem cells.
    • Evidence suggesting a link between metabolic abnormalities, ROS levels, and AML progression.

    Conclusions:

    • Metabolic pathway abnormalities are crucial in the biology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
    • Modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) abundance is a potential therapeutic target for AML.
    • Further research into metabolic interventions could lead to novel AML treatments.